{"id":20828,"date":"2026-10-06T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/fr\/?p=20828"},"modified":"2026-09-22T09:43:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-22T07:43:06","slug":"qu-est-ce-que-ai-act-europeen-guide-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/fr\/blog\/partners-blog\/qu-est-ce-que-ai-act-europeen-guide-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&rsquo;est-ce que l&rsquo;AI Act europ\u00e9en et \u00e0 qui s&rsquo;applique-t-il ? Guide pratique 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20828\" class=\"elementor elementor-20828 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-s1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"s1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c1\" data-id=\"c1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-idx1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"idx1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<details><summary><strong>Sommaire<\/strong><\/summary><ul>\n<li><a href=\"#ce-que-r\u00e9gule-lai-act-et-ce-quil-ne-r\u00e9gule-pas\">Ce que r\u00e9gule l'AI Act (et ce qu'il ne r\u00e9gule pas)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#la-pyramide-des-risques-quatre-niveaux-quatre-types-dob\">La pyramide des risques : quatre niveaux, quatre types d'obligations<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"#risque-inacceptable-interdit\">Risque inacceptable \u2014 interdit<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"#haut-risque-obligations-strictes\">Haut risque \u2014 obligations strictes<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"#risque-limit\u00e9-obligations-de-transparence\">Risque limit\u00e9 \u2014 obligations de transparence<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"#risque-minimal-aucune-obligation-suppl\u00e9mentaire\">Risque minimal \u2014 aucune obligation suppl\u00e9mentaire<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#\u00e0-qui-simpose-lai-act\">\u00c0 qui s'impose l'AI Act<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#les-\u00e9ch\u00e9ances-cl\u00e9s\">Les \u00e9ch\u00e9ances cl\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#les-amendes-trois-niveaux-selon-linfraction\">Les amendes : trois niveaux selon l'infraction<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#premi\u00e8re-\u00e9tape-concr\u00e8te-classifier-vos-syst\u00e8mes-dia\">Premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape concr\u00e8te : classifier vos syst\u00e8mes d'IA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#comment-yeeply-peut-vous-aider\">Comment Yeeply peut vous aider<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/details>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-body1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"body1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le R\u00e8glement europ\u00e9en sur l&rsquo;intelligence artificielle \u2014 l&rsquo;AI Act \u2014 est entr\u00e9 en vigueur en ao\u00fbt 2024. Ce n&rsquo;est pas une directive ni une recommandation : c&rsquo;est une loi contraignante dans les 27 \u00c9tats membres. Et les premi\u00e8res \u00e9ch\u00e9ances sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 pass\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Pour les entreprises qui d\u00e9veloppent ou utilisent des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA en Europe, l&rsquo;ignorer n&rsquo;est plus une option. Ce guide explique ce que l&rsquo;AI Act r\u00e9gule, \u00e0 qui il s&rsquo;impose, comment il classifie les risques et quelles sanctions il pr\u00e9voit.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ce-que-r\u00e9gule-lai-act-et-ce-quil-ne-r\u00e9gule-pas\">Ce que r\u00e9gule l&rsquo;AI Act (et ce qu&rsquo;il ne r\u00e9gule pas)<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;AI Act r\u00e9gule les syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;intelligence artificielle selon le risque qu&rsquo;ils font peser sur les personnes \u2014 pas selon la technologie utilis\u00e9e. Que votre produit utilise des r\u00e9seaux de neurones, du traitement du langage naturel ou de la vision par ordinateur ne change rien : ce qui compte, c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;usage et le contexte.<\/p>\n<p>Hors du champ d&rsquo;application : les syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 usage exclusivement militaire ou de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale, les syst\u00e8mes de R&#038;D sans d\u00e9ploiement commercial, et les syst\u00e8mes purement personnels sans impact sur des tiers.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-pyramide-des-risques-quatre-niveaux-quatre-types-dob\">La pyramide des risques : quatre niveaux, quatre types d&rsquo;obligations<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"risque-inacceptable-interdit\">Risque inacceptable \u2014 interdit<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;AI Act interdit sans exception : la manipulation subliminale causant un pr\u00e9judice, l&rsquo;exploitation des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge, au handicap ou \u00e0 la situation socio-\u00e9conomique, la notation sociale g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e par des autorit\u00e9s publiques, l&rsquo;identification biom\u00e9trique en temps r\u00e9el dans les espaces publics (sauf exceptions tr\u00e8s \u00e9troites), la reconnaissance des \u00e9motions en milieu de travail et dans les \u00e9tablissements d&rsquo;enseignement, et l&rsquo;inf\u00e9rence de caract\u00e9ristiques sensibles \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es biom\u00e9triques.<\/p>\n<p>Ces interdictions sont applicables depuis f\u00e9vrier 2025.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"haut-risque-obligations-strictes\">Haut risque \u2014 obligations strictes<\/h3>\n<p>La cat\u00e9gorie la plus pertinente pour les entreprises technologiques. Sont concern\u00e9s les syst\u00e8mes qui prennent ou assistent des d\u00e9cisions en mati\u00e8re de : recrutement et gestion RH, acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation, cr\u00e9dit et services financiers, soins de sant\u00e9 et diagnostic, infrastructures critiques, application de la loi, et gestion des migrations.<\/p>\n<p>Ces syst\u00e8mes requi\u00e8rent : un syst\u00e8me de gestion des risques document\u00e9, une gouvernance des donn\u00e9es, une documentation technique, une supervision humaine active, une robustesse et une cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 certifi\u00e9es, et un journal d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 automatique.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"risque-limit\u00e9-obligations-de-transparence\">Risque limit\u00e9 \u2014 obligations de transparence<\/h3>\n<p>Les syst\u00e8mes qui interagissent avec des personnes doivent s&rsquo;identifier comme IA. Si votre application dispose d&rsquo;un chatbot, l&rsquo;utilisateur doit savoir qu&rsquo;il parle \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me automatis\u00e9. Les deepfakes et contenus synth\u00e9tiques ont des obligations d&rsquo;\u00e9tiquetage sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"risque-minimal-aucune-obligation-suppl\u00e9mentaire\">Risque minimal \u2014 aucune obligation suppl\u00e9mentaire<\/h3>\n<p>La plupart des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA appartiennent \u00e0 cette cat\u00e9gorie : filtres anti-spam, syst\u00e8mes de recommandation de contenu, outils de correction de texte, IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative pour usage interne. Aucune exigence sp\u00e9cifique de l&rsquo;AI Act au-del\u00e0 de la r\u00e9glementation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale existante.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u00e0-qui-simpose-lai-act\">\u00c0 qui s&rsquo;impose l&rsquo;AI Act<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Fournisseurs :<\/strong> entreprises qui d\u00e9veloppent des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA et les mettent sur le march\u00e9 europ\u00e9en, y compris via API<\/li><li><strong>D\u00e9ployeurs :<\/strong> entreprises qui utilisent des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA tiers dans des contextes professionnels avec impact sur des personnes<\/li><li><strong>Importateurs et distributeurs :<\/strong> entreprises qui introduisent sur le march\u00e9 europ\u00e9en des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s hors UE<\/li><li><strong>Entreprises hors UE :<\/strong> si votre syst\u00e8me touche des utilisateurs europ\u00e9ens, l&rsquo;AI Act s&rsquo;applique quelle que soit votre implantation<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-\u00e9ch\u00e9ances-cl\u00e9s\">Les \u00e9ch\u00e9ances cl\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Date<\/th><th>\u00c9tape<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Ao\u00fbt 2024<\/td><td>L&rsquo;AI Act entre en vigueur<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F\u00e9vrier 2025<\/td><td>Interdictions de risque inacceptable \u2014 d\u00e9j\u00e0 applicables<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ao\u00fbt 2025<\/td><td>Obligations pour les mod\u00e8les d&rsquo;IA \u00e0 usage g\u00e9n\u00e9ral (GPAI) comme GPT-4 ou Gemini<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ao\u00fbt 2026<\/td><td>Exigences pour les syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 haut risque (la majorit\u00e9 des entreprises tech)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ao\u00fbt 2027<\/td><td>\u00c9ch\u00e9ances suppl\u00e9mentaires pour les syst\u00e8mes d\u00e9j\u00e0 en usage avant le r\u00e8glement<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-amendes-trois-niveaux-selon-linfraction\">Les amendes : trois niveaux selon l&rsquo;infraction<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Infraction<\/th><th>Sanction maximale<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Utiliser des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA interdits<\/td><td>35 M\u20ac ou 7 % du chiffre d&rsquo;affaires mondial annuel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Non-conformit\u00e9 aux exigences des syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 haut risque<\/td><td>15 M\u20ac ou 3 % du CA mondial<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fourniture d&rsquo;informations incorrectes aux autorit\u00e9s<\/td><td>7,5 M\u20ac ou 1,5 % du CA mondial<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"premi\u00e8re-\u00e9tape-concr\u00e8te-classifier-vos-syst\u00e8mes-dia\">Premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape concr\u00e8te : classifier vos syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA<\/h2>\n<p>Avant tout investissement en conformit\u00e9, l&rsquo;exercice le plus utile est de dresser l&rsquo;inventaire de tous les syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;IA que votre entreprise d\u00e9veloppe ou utilise \u2014 y compris ceux sous-trait\u00e9s \u00e0 des tiers \u2014 et de les classer selon la pyramide de risque de l&rsquo;AI Act.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"comment-yeeply-peut-vous-aider\">Comment Yeeply peut vous aider<\/h2>\n<p>Chez Yeeply, nous travaillons avec des entreprises certifi\u00e9es de d\u00e9veloppement logiciel qui adaptent d\u00e9j\u00e0 leurs processus \u00e0 l&rsquo;AI Act. Que vous d\u00e9veloppiez un syst\u00e8me d&rsquo;IA de z\u00e9ro ou que vous ayez besoin d&rsquo;auditer un syst\u00e8me existant, nous vous mettons en relation avec l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe technique adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 votre secteur et votre niveau de risque.<\/p>\n<p>Pour les projets avec des contraintes budg\u00e9taires, nous faisons aussi appel \u00e0 des \u00e9quipes espagnoles sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es qui offrent les m\u00eames garanties \u00e0 30-40 % de co\u00fbt en moins. Utilisez le bouton <strong>Demander un devis<\/strong> en haut de yeeply.com\/fr ou \u00e9crivez \u00e0 <strong>sales@yeeply.com<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Guide pratique de l&rsquo;AI Act 2026 : pyramide des risques, qui doit se conformer, \u00e9ch\u00e9ances d\u00e9j\u00e0 en vigueur et amendes jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 35 M\u20ac. Ce que les entreprises qui d\u00e9veloppent ou utilisent l&rsquo;IA doivent savoir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":20830,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[808],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-partners-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AI Act europ\u00e9en 2026 : guide pratique pour les entreprises | Yeeply<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Guide pratique de l&#039;AI Act 2026 : niveaux de risque, qui est concern\u00e9, \u00e9ch\u00e9ances cl\u00e9s et amendes jusqu&#039;\u00e0 35 M\u20ac. 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