{"id":14013,"date":"2023-08-11T12:59:06","date_gmt":"2023-08-11T10:59:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/?p=14013"},"modified":"2024-09-18T18:05:44","modified_gmt":"2024-09-18T16:05:44","slug":"types-of-software-testing-unit-testing-vs-integration-testing-vs-end-to-end-testing-e2e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/blog\/digitalization\/types-of-software-testing-unit-testing-vs-integration-testing-vs-end-to-end-testing-e2e\/","title":{"rendered":"Types of Software Testing: Unit Testing vs. Integration Testing vs. End to End Testing (e2e)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the world of software development, <\/span><b>guaranteeing the quality and functionality of the product<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> it&#8217;s of vital importance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is revealed by a recent report in which it is estimated that software defects cost companies around $1.7 trillion dollars in losses each year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having a robust testing approach to <\/span><b>avoid expensive problems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and delivering high-quality software is therefore critical to any project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Throughout this article we&#8217;ll examine the key differences, benefits, and use cases of each test type, so you can make informed and efficient decisions when implementing your testing strategies.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Index<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#scope\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meaning and scope of unit testing<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#how\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are end-to-end tests and how do they differ from other types of tests?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#purpose\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Definition and purpose of integration tests<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#types\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comparison and selection of the types of software tests: Unit Test, Integration Test and end-to-end Test (e2e)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#Yeeply\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeeply IT teams apply all types of software testing for better software testing<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class=\"bt-proyecto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/digital-transformation\/?rel=EN-BP-proyecto-transformacion#publish-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FIND THE BEST TEAM FOR YOUR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION<\/a><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"scope\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meaning and scope of unit tests<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit tests are positioned as the first line of defense in the <\/span><b>error detection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> within software development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Designed to be implemented locally, these tests are responsible for validating the most elementary components of the logic of your code.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether it&#8217;s a function, class, or any other code entity, unit testing is meant to test every feature and possible logical path.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the ideal of 100% code coverage, a unit test would be written for every possible flow in the code. In practice, <\/span><b>good code coverage is closer to 80%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The breadth of coverage gives you an extra level of confidence in your code, because once your unit tests pass, you can trust the<\/span><b> robustness of your software<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2714\ufe0f Keep reading | <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/blog\/guide-publish-app-on-google-play-store\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guide to upload your app to the Google Play Store and succeed<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advantages and benefits of unit testing in software development<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>First line of defense against errors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Unit testing is the first line of defense against bugs in your code. They are designed to run locally and check the most fundamental aspects of your code logic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Code coverage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Unit tests are designed to test every feature and potential logical path. Writing a unit test for every possible flow of your code is called &#8220;100% code coverage&#8221;. Although around 80% code coverage is considered a good percentage, the more coverage you have, the more confident you can be in your code.\u200b.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Early bug detection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Unit tests are a low-risk way to quickly detect bugs. They should always be used, regardless of whether you are writing code for a small project or deploying to billions of users.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"how\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are end-to-end tests and how do they differ from other types of tests?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">End-to-end or E2E tests are a form of software testing that seeks to <\/span><b>ensure workflows work<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from start to finish, just as an end user would experience it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike unit and integrated tests, end-to-end tests seek to test the product in the same way that a real user would experience it, validating different subsystems and layers of the application.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit tests, on the other hand, are your first line of defense against bugs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These tests are intended to <\/span><b>check the most fundamental parts of your code logic<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as a function or a class. The idea is to test every possible feature or logical path in the code.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For its part, integration testing typically involves testing for specific functionality that has dependencies on other functionality, such as a function calling another function.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These tests seek to verify the connectivity and the <\/span><b>communication between the different components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the application.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-15402 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-09-18-a-las-18.05.21-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"382\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-09-18-a-las-18.05.21-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-09-18-a-las-18.05.21.png 747w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How manual end-to-end tests differ from automated end-to-end tests<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">End-to-End tests, both manual and automated, play a crucial role in software quality assurance, allowing the functionality and performance of the entire system to be validated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although both tests pursue the same goal, there are notable differences between them in terms of implementation, effectiveness, costs, and required resources.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manual End-to-End testing is performed by a quality team or tester, who <\/span><b>simulates end user behavior<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and verifies that the system works as expected.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These allow you to identify usability and user experience issues that might go unnoticed in an automated test. However, manual testing can be slower, more expensive, and more prone to human error.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the other hand, automated End-to-End tests use scripts and software tools to execute tests on a scheduled basis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are often faster, more efficient, and more consistent than manual tests, since they can be run repeatedly without human intervention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automated tests are especially useful for repetitive tasks and for <\/span><b>validating functionalities that have already been manually tested<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That being said, creating automated test scripts can require a significant upfront investment in terms of time and resources.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/landing\/download-ebook-digital-transformation-sme\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/EN-E6-Banner-blog-1020x387-1.png\" alt=\"E6 Ebook transformaci\u00f3n digital\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advantages and challenges of end-to-end tests in software development projects<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some of the major benefits and challenges of E2E testing are:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advantages of end to end tests<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Complete test coverage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Thetest E2E they focus on simulating the end user experience, which allows verifying that all system components work in an integrated manner.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Detection of complex errors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: By simulating real workflows, E2E testing can help identify and fix complex problems that may not be detected at other test levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Improved confidence in software<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: I e2e test they can increase confidence in the software, since they allow you to verify that the entire system works correctly before it is released.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">End to End test challenges<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Implementation complexity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Since E2E testing involves testing the entire system, it can be more complex and expensive to implement compared to unit or integration tests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Execution time<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: E2E tests typically take longer to run than other types of tests, which can increase overall development time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>False positives<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Sometimes E2E tests can generate false positives due to temporary or test environment-specific issues. This can translate into time spent investigating &#8220;problems&#8221; that are not actual bugs in the software.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2b50 Related content | <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/blog\/what-is-unit-testing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are unit tests and how to carry one out?<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"purpose\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Definition and purpose of integration tests<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Integration tests are a crucial part of the software development process.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike unit tests, which focus on verifying the functionality of individual components of a system, integration tests are concerned with testing <\/span><b>how different parts of a system interact with each other<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are carried out in functionalities or modules that depend on other functionalities, such as a function that calls another function. The main purpose of these tests is to check the connectivity and communication between different components of the application.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are three main reasons for performing integration tests:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Ensure synchronization between modules<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when they work together to carry out a specific task, since these modules could have been developed by different teams or developers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Help validate application interfaces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to ensure that data flowing from one module to another is appropriate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Verify that connectivity between modules works<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as originally conceived.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Importance of integration tests in the development process<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Integration tests allow to detect errors that can arise when different components or modules of the system interact with each other. We are talking, then, about errors that could not be detected by unit tests.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthermore, since different modules can be developed by different teams, integration testing is essential to ensure that all modules work harmoniously once integrated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This helps to maintain the quality of the software and to <\/span><b>reduce the time and resources required to troubleshoot<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that arise due to faulty integration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finally, integration tests can also help validate application interfaces and ensure that data flows correctly from one module to another, which is crucial for the proper functioning of the system.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"types\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comparison and selection of the types of software tests: Unit Test, Integration Test and end-to-end Test (e2e)<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The three main types of software testing are unit tests, integration tests, and end-to-end tests. Let&#8217;s see its main characteristics and differences:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit Testing<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit testing is, as we have been pointing out, the first level of defense against errors.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are <\/span><b>designed to run locally<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and they check the most fundamental bits of logic in your code, such as individual functions or classes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit tests aim to test each feature\/potential logical path. The greater the coverage, the greater the confidence in the code.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Integration test<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike unit tests, which test a small isolated unit, integration tests generally involve <\/span><b>testing a particular functionality<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, known as a module, that has dependencies on other functionality (for example, a function that calls another function).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The objectives of these tests are to verify the connectivity and communication between different components of the application, <\/span><b>ensure synchronization between modules<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when they work together to perform a specific task and validate application interfaces so that the data that flows from one module to another is appropriate.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test End-to-End (e2e)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">End-to-end testing seeks to test the product in the same way that a real user experiences it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They want to make sure everything works as expected (functionality and performance).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The two main goals of end-to-end testing are <\/span><b>simulate the step-by-step experience of a user<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and allow you to validate different subsystems and layers of the application\u200b\u200b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? Read more | <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/blog\/create-no-code-apps-without-programming\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Key to Efficiently Create Apps without Programming \u201cNo Code\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Key differences between unit tests, integration tests and end-to-end tests<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit tests are atomic tests that are performed within the scope of a single component or action. They do not go beyond the scope of this atomic component.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, unit testing does not involve the joint testing of various components such as <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reducer &amp;&amp; saga<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">component &amp;&amp; action &amp;&amp; reducer &amp;&amp; saga<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u200b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the other hand, integration tests are an extension of unit testing and consist of the integration of multiple components.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An <\/span><b>example of an integration test<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> could be the following flow: a component clicks a button -&gt; this launches an action -&gt; which is monitored by a saga -&gt; which calls a (mock) API endpoint -&gt; which modifies the reducer state -&gt; which in turn changes something in the same or another component\u200b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finally, end-to-end (E2E) tests are used to test the final results, such as the interaction of an external user with our system or user interface.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike unit and integrated tests, which focus on individual components or the interaction between them,<\/span><b>E2E tests evaluate the functionality of an application as a whole <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from the point of view of the end user.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Considerations for choosing the most appropriate type of test according to the context<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The choice of the most suitable type of test depends on the specific context and the objectives of the test. That being said, I give you a <\/span><b>general guide to help you decide between unit, integration and end-to-end (E2E) tests<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit tests<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit tests are essential to verify the fundamental logic of your code.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You should always use them, regardless of whether you are writing code for the school or deploying code to thousands of users.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These tests are a low-risk way to quickly catch bugs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are working on a <\/span><b>functionality that can be tested in isolation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and your goal is to ensure that each individual function, class, or logic works as expected, unit testing would be the appropriate choice.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Integration testing<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Integration testing is useful when you need to verify connectivity and communication between different application components.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>If you are testing a feature that has dependencies on another feature<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as a function calling another function, integration tests would be appropriate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, if you are testing a flow that involves a component that launches an action, that is watched by a saga, that calls a (mock) API endpoint, modifies the state of the reducer, and changes something in it or another component, you should consider integration testing.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pruebas End-to-End (E2E)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E2E tests are useful when you need to <\/span><b>validate the functionality and performance of the application<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a scenario that simulates the end user experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These tests involve verifying that the entire system works correctly together, from user interface interactions to the database.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are interested in testing the product in the same way that a real user would experience it, E2E testing would be the right choice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? You may be interested | <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/blog\/importance-qa-phase-app-testing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why is the QA stage important in a test app?<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Yeeply\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeeply IT teams apply all types of software testing for better software testing<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At Yeeply we know the importance of thorough and rigorous testing to <\/span><b>ensure the quality and performance of our software<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By applying all these types of tests, we make sure that we <\/span><b>detect and correct any problems or errors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the software before it is delivered to our customers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our goal is to offer high-quality products that meet the expectations of our users and provide an exceptional experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At Yeeply we are committed to continuous improvement and excellence in software development: trust our IT teams to <\/span><b>ensure better software testing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and have quality products that boost your success in the digital world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Our IT equipment is dedicated to applying all types of software tests, including unit tests, integration tests, and end-to-end tests. <a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/hire-freelance-programmers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hire freelance programmers<\/a> for complete and effective testing.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/?rel=EN-LNK#publish-project\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contact us!<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/digital-transformation\/?rel=EN-BP-proyecto-transformacion#publish-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/yeeply.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/EN-CTA-Banner-Digital-Transformation.png\" alt=\"Digital Transformation Project\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the world of software development, guaranteeing the quality and functionality of the product it&#8217;s of vital importance. This is revealed by a recent report &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[497],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-digitalization"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u25b7 Types of Software Testing: Unitary vs. Integration vs. End-to-End<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the different types of software testing. 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